You've
probably heard the phrase before: “deeds, not creeds.” It has a
nice ring to it. Perhaps the thought also is appealing to you. So
many Christians these days butt heads over their opposing
understanding of the Scriptures. Shouldn't Christians be spending
more time showing love to one another and to all the non-Christians
in the world?
“Deeds,
not creeds.” The phrase may sound nice, but is it really the
mindset God desires in his people? I don't think I even need to
expound beyond this sentence on the hypocrisy inherent in a statement
of belief that condemns statements of belief. Hypocrisy aside, let's
analyze this anti-creedal creed.
Creeds
“Creed”
comes from the Latin word “credo,” which means “I believe.”
One's creed is whatever one believes. Usually in the Christian
church we associate the word with the three Creeds of Christianity:
the Apostles', Nicene, and Athanasian Creeds. One might ask, “Why
are these creeds necessary? Can't we all just agree to believe what
the Bible says?”
Yes, as
Christians we must agree to believe what the Bible says. However, a
question immediately arises: “What does the Bible say?” During
the early centuries of the Christian church, many interesting ideas
developed—ideas based on philosophy or logic and not based entirely
on the words and teachings of Scripture. For example, Arius taught
that Jesus was not divine (at least, not in the same sense in which
the Father was divine). Has Scripture settled the question of the
divinity of Christ? Most certainly! However, God has not inspired a
particular book of the Bible to address this teaching exclusively.
Nowhere
in Scripture has God said, “Do not argue over whether or not Jesus
is divine. My Son Jesus is true God with me—coequal, uncreated,
and eternal.” The Bible teaches this, but not in one particular
passage and not in so many words. Jesus calls himself God here, his
disciples call him God there, and various books of Scripture portray
him doing what only God can do. Though Scripture clearly teaches
that Jesus is true God, a statement was necessary to oppose the false
teaching of Arius—a statement that would draw together from various
parts of Scripture a systematic teaching. Not a new teaching, not
anything different from what Scripture had always taught, but a clear
Scripture-based rebuttal to respond directly to a particular heresy
in a particular setting. Thus the church drew up the Nicene Creed.
In
response to numerous abuses and false teachings in the church, the
early Lutherans drew up and subscribed to a series of documents now
know as the Lutheran Confessions. Composed from 1529 to 1577, these
documents became a standard by which the Lutheran church would judge
all doctrines to determine whether a doctrine were orthodox (true,
accurate, and consistent with Scripture) or heterodox (containing
falsehood).
Some may
argue, “The Lutherans have replaced Scripture with a different set
of books!” This claim could not be further from the truth. The
Lutheran Confessions, like the Creeds, are not a replacement for
Scripture, but an exposition of the teachings of Scripture presented
in the face of falsehood. The Confessions are not the absolute
source of doctrine in the Lutheran church—they remain secondary to
Scripture. This means that Lutherans are not to handle questions not
addressed in the Confessions as open questions. A true open question
is only a question to which Scripture itself has provided no answer.
C. F. W. Walther wrote, “The idea that such doctrines as have not
yet been fixed symbolically must be counted among the open questions,
militates against the historical origin of the symbols [that is, the
Confessions], particularly against the fact that these were never
intended to present a complete doctrinal system, while they indeed
acknowledge the entire content of the Scriptures as the object of the
faith held by the church.” (Thesis XII, Theses on Open Questions,
1868). A Lutheran dare not say “We have no position on that
issue,” in response to a question that Scripture has answered.
Still
think you need no creed? Without a creed, what do you believe?
Someone might say “I believe the Bible.” Even this statement is
a creed, though not a very clear creed by any means. Your belief in
the Bible is good, but what do you believe the Bible says? Do you
believe that the Bible means what it says, or do you interpret the
Scriptures to mean something other than what they say? Arius himself
claimed to believe the Bible, yet he rejected a fundamental teaching
of the Bible concerning our Savior. Your creed is simply what you
believe. Without a creed you believe nothing. What do you believe?
Someone
might say, “It doesn't matter what we believe. All that matters is
what we do. Deeds, not creeds!” The problem with this thinking is
that if what we believe is unimportant, then what we do is
unimportant. Deeds always follow creeds. We act according to what
we believe. If I have no creed, I have no motivation to act. If I
fail to act according to a particular creed, I demonstrate that I do
not fully and truly hold to that belief. We cannot separate our
deeds from our creeds. “Faith apart from works is useless”
(James 2:20) and works apart from faith are useless.
Deeds
When we
throw out all creeds and concern ourselves only with our actions, we
run into a serious problem. We are evil. Our deeds are evil. Even
the “good” things we do to serve others are prompted by evil
motivations. Isaiah says, “all our righteous deeds are like a
polluted garment” (64:6). “Deeds, not creeds,” leaves us
with nothing. We have no hope. We have no righteousness. We have
no salvation. Our deeds leave us forsaken by God in hell for
eternity. Yes, “deeds, not creeds” can only land us in hell.
Yet we
must not downplay the importance of deeds. A lifetime of good and
righteous deeds is necessary to pay the way for each of us to get
into the eternal kingdom of God. Now we can spend our lifetimes
trying to accumulate enough deeds to earn the trip up, but the sad
truth remains: already we have failed and even with a fresh start we
would fail again.
Our
deeds have failed. Our deeds will continue to fail. Thank God that
he sent us a Savior whose deeds have taken the place of our deeds to
earn our way to eternal life. Thank God that he sent us a Savior
whose sacrifice on the cross has purged all our sinful deeds from his
memory. We are saved by deeds—not by deeds of our own, but by the
deeds of Jesus acting in our place.
God's Deed, Our Creed
Remember
that God's deed is your creed. Jesus says, “This is the work of
God, that you believe in him whom he has sent” (John 6:29).
The salvation Christ has provided by his deeds comes to us by faith.
That is, we must believe it and trust in him as our Savior. That is,
we are saved by creeds! We are saved by our belief and reliance in
what Christ has done. We are saved by the deeds of Christ and we are
saved by our creed—by our belief that Christ has saved us.
The Holy
Spirit works faith in our hearts through the word of God. This is
where “deeds not creeds” becomes precarious even for those who
already believe in Jesus Christ. If we are not concerned about
believing everything God says to us in his word, we put ourselves on
a slippery slope. The denial of one teaching of Scripture leads to
the denial of another teaching. You don't believe that Jonah lived
three days in the belly of a great fish because it doesn't jive with
your reason? Then why believe in the miracles of Jesus? Or why
believe in the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, which the Jonah
account prefigured? By inspiration of God St. Paul teaches that “if
Christ has not been raised, your faith is futile and you are still in
your sins” (1 Corinthians 15:17). What we believe matters.
Our salvation depends on taking God at his word.
Deeds AND Creeds
Consider
one other problem with “deeds, not creeds:” the implication that
deeds and creeds are mutually exclusive. As stated earlier, deeds
always follow creeds and creeds always motivate deeds. Only by faith
in Jesus Christ are Christians motivated to serve God and neighbor
with truly selfless acts of love. The Holy Spirit guides us as we
put our faith into action.
Our
creeds will influence not only how we live and interact as Christian
individuals, but also how we operate as congregations and synods
united by a common creed. Our beliefs will shape how we approach
Scripture together, how we worship together, how we interact with
those in authority over us, how we interact with those under our
authority, how we approach those who act or teach in error, how we
respond to those who bring our own errors to light. We express our
beliefs through official synodical statements and we as synods, as
congregations, and as individuals act according to these
statements—not because any individual, church, or synod has
authority to hold us to new rules, but because we agree that these
statements are consistent with what God teaches us in Scripture.
Let us
encourage one another to uphold creeds and deeds! Let us thank God
for a common confession of the truth. Let us encourage one another
to hold fast to our confession and to act in accordance thereto. Let
us be willing humbly and lovingly to admonish those who begin to err
in deed or in creed. Let us be willing to accept the heartfelt
admonition of brothers and sisters in the faith.
Glory be
to God! Amen.